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Optimization of spatial structure designs of control rod using Monte Carlo code RMC

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 974-983 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0769-5

摘要： Control rod is the most important approach to control reactivity in reactors, which is currently a cluster of pins filled with boron carbide (B4C). In this case, neutrons are captured in the outer region, and thus the inner absorber is inefficient. Moreover, the lifetime of the control rod is challenged due to the high reactivity worth loss resulted from the excessive degradation of B4C in the high flux area. In this work, some control rod designs are proposed with optimized spatial structures including the spatially mixed rod, radially moderated rod, and composite control rod with small-sized pins. The control rod worth and effective absorption cross section of these designs are computed using the Monte Carlo code RMC. A long-time depletion calculation is conducted to evaluate their burnup stability. For the spatially mixed rod, rare-earth absorbers are combined with B4C in spatial structure. Compared with the homogenous B4C rod, mixed designs ensure more sufficient reactivity worth in the lifetime of the reactor. The minimum reactivity loss at the end of the cycle is only 1.8% from the dysprosium titanate rod, while the loss for pure B4C rod is nearly 12%. For the radially moderated design, a doubled neutronic efficiency is achieved when the volume ratio of moderator equals approximately 0.3, while excessive moderating may lead to the failure of control rods. The control rod with small-sized pins processes an enhanced safety performance and saves the investment in absorbers. The rod worth can be further enhanced by introducing small moderator pins, and the reactivity loss caused by the reduction of absorbers is sustainable.

关键词： control rod     optimized spatial structure     neutronic performance     burnup stability    

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concentration of gluconic acid from an integrated fermentation and membrane process using response surface optimized

Parimal Pal, Ramesh Kumar, Subhamay Banerjee

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 152-163 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1721-z

摘要： A response surface method was used to optimize the purification and concentration of gluconic acid from fermentation broth using an integrated membrane system. was used for the bioconversion of the glucose in sugarcane juice to gluconic acid (concentration 45 g?L ) with a yield of 0.9 g?g . The optimum operating conditions, such as trans-membrane pressure (TMP), pH, cross-flow rate (CFR) and initial gluconic acid concentration, were determined using response surface methodology. Five different types of polyamide nanofiltration membranes were screened and the best performing one was then used for downstream purification of gluconic acid in a flat sheet cross-flow membrane module. Under the optimum conditions (TMP= 12 bar and CFR= 400 L?h ), this membrane retained more than 85% of the unconverted glucose from the fermentation broth and had a gluconic acid permeation rate of 88% with a flux of 161 L?m ?h . Using response surface methods to optimize this green nanofiltration process is an effective way of controlling the production of gluconic acid so that an efficient separation with high flux is obtained.

关键词： gluconic acid     optimized nanofiltration     green processing     process intensification    

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基于TOD模式的城市空间结构优化研究

陆化普,刘若阳,张永波,傅志寰

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第6期   页码 137-145 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.06.012

摘要：

以交通拥堵、环境污染为代表的“大城市病”已经成为影响城市高质量发展和城市居民生活质量的制约性因素，推进交通系统与土地使用深度融合的以公共交通为导向的开发（TOD）模式是综合解决上述问题的关键举措。本文采用机理分析方法，研究了交通与土地利用的作用机制，分析了交通与土地利用融合发展模式与常规发展模式在用地布局、人口密度分布上的差异，论证了TOD模式下的人口分布及其与交通系统的耦合关系特征；在分析我国TOD发展现状及问题的基础上，剖析了代表性案例的TOD模式特点与经验，认为不同环境条件下的TOD内涵、发展目标及路径均有所不同。提出了城市空间合理结构及其与交通系统深度融合的基本思路、规划设计原则、实现途径，涵盖城市群范围内的城市空间布局结构（宏观）、都市圈与中心城区范围内的组团结构（中观）、轨道交通站点及其周边用地结构（微观）3 个层次。研究建议，在管理统筹、法律政策、标准规范、利益分配、规划审批、激励机制、公众参与等方面采取行动，为深化TOD模式应用、提升城市建设水平提供支持。

关键词： 城市空间结构；交通与土地利用一体化；TOD；城市群；都市圈和中心城区；轨道交通站点    

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中国钢筋混凝土空间网格结构新体系的开拓与发展（下）

马克俭,张华刚,肖建春,卢亚琴

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第8期   页码 22-34

摘要：

钢筋混凝土空间网格结构包括平板型的空腹网架结构、空腹夹层板结构、空腹双重网格结构、现浇混凝土空心大板楼盖结构。这些新型结构体系从20世纪80年代至今在跨度18～32 m公共建筑的屋盖和楼盖应用达100多万平方米，取得很好的社会与经济效益。有的已编制了相应的技术规程。我们研制了将钢筋混凝土空腹夹层板单向弯曲形成的钢筋混凝土空腹夹层网壳和网拱结构，双向弯曲形成的钢筋混凝土空腹夹层双曲扁网壳结构。这些拥有我国自主知识产权的空间网格结构新体系，均具有自身的特点和对建筑物的适应性，文章将按研制时间先后逐一介绍。其结构的“安全、合理、经济、先进”性，则通过工程实例予以剖析。

关键词： 钢筋混凝土     空腹夹层板     现浇混凝土空心大板     网架结构     网壳结构    

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Erratum to: Optimized determination of airborne tetracycline resistance genes in laboratory atmosphere

Lu Song, Can Wang, Yizhu Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1289-y

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Dynamic simulation based optimized design method of concrete production system for RCC dam

ZHAO Chunju, ZHOU Yihong

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 405-410 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0055-6

摘要： The construction system of roller compacted concrete (RCC) dam is running according to a series of connected procedures which are highly impacted and interacted consisting with the resource level. Therefore, a dynamic simulation mode

关键词： interacted     dynamic simulation     construction     resource     RCC    

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the terrain adaptability of a multirobot cooperative transportation system via novel connectors and optimized

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0754-2

摘要： Given limited terrain adaptability, most existing multirobot cooperative transportation systems (MRCTSs) mainly work on flat pavements, restricting their outdoor applications. The connectors’ finite deformation capability and the control strategies’ limitations are primarily responsible for this phenomenon. This study proposes a novel MRCTS based on tracked mobile robots (TMRs) to improve terrain adaptability and expand the application scenarios of MRCTSs. In structure design, we develop a novel 6-degree-of-freedom passive adaptive connector to link multiple TMRs and the transported object (the communal payload). In addition, the connector is set with sensors to measure the position and orientation of the robot with respect to the object for feedback control. In the control strategy, we present a virtual leader–physical follower collaborative paradigm. The leader robot is imaginary to describe the movement of the entire system and manage the follower robots. All the TMRs in the system act as follower robots to transport the object cooperatively. Having divided the whole control structure into the leader robot level and the follower robot level, we convert the motion control of the two kinds of robots to trajectory tracking control problems and propose a novel double closed-loop kinematics control framework. Furthermore, a control law satisfying saturation constraints is derived to ensure transportation stability. An adaptive control algorithm processes the wheelbase uncertainty of the TMR. Finally, we develop a prototype of the TMR-based MRCTS for experiments. In the trajectory tracking experiment, the developed MRCTS with the proposed control scheme can converge to the reference trajectory in the presence of initial tracking errors in a finite time. In the outdoor experiment, the proposed MRCTS consisting of four TMRs can successfully transport a payload weighing 60 kg on an uneven road with the single TMR’s maximum load limited to 15 kg. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the structural design and control strategies of the TMR-based MRCTS.

关键词： multirobot system     cooperative transportation     terrain adaptability     trajectory tracking     collaborative paradigm     uneven road    

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A novel hybrid model for water quality prediction based on VMD and IGOA optimized for LSTM

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1688-y

摘要：

● A novel VMD-IGOA-LSTM model has proposed for the prediction of water quality.

关键词： Water quality prediction     Grasshopper optimization algorithm     Variational mode decomposition     Long short-term memory neural network    

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Water quality soft-sensor prediction in anaerobic process using deep neural network optimized by Tree-structured

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1667-3

摘要：

● Hybrid deep-learning model is proposed for water quality prediction.

关键词： Water quality prediction     Soft-sensor     Anaerobic process     Tree-structured Parzen Estimator    

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Optimal design of double-layer barrel vaults using genetic and pattern search algorithms and optimized

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 378-395 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0899-9

摘要： This paper presents a combined method based on optimized neural networks and optimization algorithms to solve structural optimization problems. The main idea is to utilize an optimized artificial neural network (OANN) as a surrogate model to reduce the number of computations for structural analysis. First, the OANN is trained appropriately. Subsequently, the main optimization problem is solved using the OANN and a population-based algorithm. The algorithms considered in this step are the arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) and genetic algorithm (GA). Finally, the abovementioned problem is solved using the optimal point obtained from the previous step and the pattern search (PS) algorithm. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, two numerical examples are considered. In the first example, the performance of two algorithms, OANN + AOA + PS and OANN + GA + PS, is investigated. Using the GA reduces the elapsed time by approximately 50% compared with using the AOA. Results show that both the OANN + GA + PS and OANN + AOA + PS algorithms perform well in solving structural optimization problems and achieve the same optimal design. However, the OANN + GA + PS algorithm requires significantly fewer function evaluations to achieve the same accuracy as the OANN + AOA + PS algorithm.

关键词： optimization     surrogate models     artificial neural network     SAP2000     genetic algorithm    

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An optimized solar-air degree-day method to evaluate energy demand for poultry buildings in different

Yang WANG, Baoming LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期   页码 478-489 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019289

摘要：

The degree-day method is widely used to determine energy consumption but cannot be directly applied to poultry buildings without improvements in its accuracy. This study was designed to optimize the degree-day calculation and proposes a solar-air degree-day method, which can be used to calculate the cooling and heating degree-days and the annual cooling and heating loads under different climate conditions for poultry buildings. In this paper, the solar-air degree-day method was proposed, which considers the effects of solar radiation with different wall orientations and surface colors. Five Chinese cities, Harbin, Beijing, Chongqing, Kunming and Guangzhou, were selected to represent different climate zones to determine the solar-air degree-days. The heating and cooling energy requirements for different climates were compared by DeST (Designer’s Simulation Toolkit) simulation and the solar-air degree-day method. Approaches to decrease energy consumption were developed. The results showed that the maximum relative error was less than 10%, and the new method was not significantly different from the DeST simulation ( >0.05). The accuracy of calculating energy requirements was improved by the solar-air degree-day method in the different climate zones. Orientation and surface color effects on energy consumption need to be considered, and external walls of different orientations should have different surface colors.

关键词： base temperature     energy consumption     solar radiation     orientation     surface color    

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Soil spatial variability impact on the behavior of a reinforced earth wall

Adam HAMROUNI, Daniel DIAS, Badreddine SBARTAI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 518-531 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0611-x

摘要： This article presents the soil spatial variability effect on the performance of a reinforced earth wall. The serviceability limit state is considered in the analysis. Both cases of isotropic and anisotropic non-normal random fields are implemented for the soil properties. The Karhunen-Loève expansion method is used for the discretization of the random field. Numerical finite difference models are considered as deterministic models. The Monte Carlo simulation technique is used to obtain the deformation response variability of the reinforced soil retaining wall. The influences of the spatial variability response of the geotechnical system in terms of horizontal facing displacement is presented and discussed. The results obtained show that the spatial variability has an important influence on the facing horizontal displacement as well as on the failure probability.

关键词： reinforced earth wall     geosynthetic     random field     spatial variability     Monte Carlo simulation    

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Industrial eco-efficiency and its spatial-temporal differentiation in China

Wei YANG, Fengjun JIN, Chengjin WANG, Chen LV

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 559-568 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0400-4

摘要： The aim of this paper is to study the spatial-temporal differentiation of industrial eco-efficiency in China. Using methods based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and data from 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2008 of 30 provinces in China, the spatial-temporal pattern changes in industrial eco-efficiency are discussed. The results show that: first, the patterns of industrial eco-efficiency are dominated by clustering of relatively low efficiency provinces; second, spatial relationships between the industrial eco-efficiencies of different provinces changed slightly throughout the period and the provinces persistently exhibit spatial concentration of relatively low industrial eco-efficiency; finally, there is an obvious trend in the polarization of industrial eco-efficiency, i.e., the higher level spatial units are concentrated in eastern China, and the lower level spatial units are mainly in western and central China.

关键词： industrial eco-efficiency     data envelopment analysis (DEA) model     exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA)    

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Border-search and jump reduction method for size optimization of spatial truss structures

Babak DIZANGIAN, Mohammad Reza GHASEMI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 123-134 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0478-2

摘要： This paper proposes a sensitivity-based border-search and jump reduction method for optimum design of spatial trusses. It is considered as a two-phase optimization approach, where at the first phase, the first local optimum is found by few analyses, after the whole searching space is limited employing an efficient random strategy, and the second phase involves finding a sequence of local optimum points using the variables sensitivity with respect to corresponding values of constraints violation. To reach the global solution at phase two, a sequence of two sensitivity-based operators of border-search operator and jump operator are introduced until convergence is occurred. Sensitivity analysis is performed using numerical finite difference method. To do structural analysis, a link between open source software of OpenSees and MATLAB was developed. Spatial truss problems were attempted for optimization in order to show the fastness and efficiency of proposed technique. Results were compared with those reported in the literature. It shows that the proposed method is competitive with the other optimization methods with a significant reduction in number of analyses carried.

关键词： optimum design     sensitivity analysis     reduction method     spatial trusses     OpenSees    

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Abundance, spatial distribution, and physical characteristics of microplastics in stormwater detention

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1724-y

摘要： Despite extensive research on microplastics (MP) in marine environments, little is known about MP abundance and transport in terrestrial systems. There is, therefore, still little understanding of the main mechanisms driving the substantial transport of MP across different environmental compartments. Storm events can transport MP beyond boundaries, such as from the land to groundwater or the ocean, as has already been discovered for organic carbon transport. Urban stormwater detention ponds are suitable environments to study the impact of stormwater on the environmental fate and transport of MP. Herein, we investigate the longitudinal and vertical distribution of MP within two detention ponds with different physical characteristics. Soil samples were collected at various locations and from multiple depths (surface and subsurface layers) for measuring MP concentrations using fluorescence microscopy. Our findings show that MP are retained more near the inlet of the ponds, and MP of larger sizes were found more abundantly near inlets than outlets. We also found that MP mass and sizes decrease from surface soil to subsurface soil. In the pond, where vegetation (grass root network) was more considerable, MP were found more evenly distributed along the depth. In terms of shape, the fragments were the most abundant MP shape.

关键词： Microplastic     Environmental transport     Soil pollution     Stormwater     Detention ponds    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Optimization of spatial structure designs of control rod using Monte Carlo code RMC

期刊论文

concentration of gluconic acid from an integrated fermentation and membrane process using response surface optimized

Parimal Pal, Ramesh Kumar, Subhamay Banerjee

期刊论文

基于TOD模式的城市空间结构优化研究

陆化普,刘若阳,张永波,傅志寰

期刊论文

中国钢筋混凝土空间网格结构新体系的开拓与发展（下）

马克俭,张华刚,肖建春,卢亚琴

期刊论文

Erratum to: Optimized determination of airborne tetracycline resistance genes in laboratory atmosphere

Lu Song, Can Wang, Yizhu Wang

期刊论文

Dynamic simulation based optimized design method of concrete production system for RCC dam

ZHAO Chunju, ZHOU Yihong

期刊论文

the terrain adaptability of a multirobot cooperative transportation system via novel connectors and optimized

期刊论文

A novel hybrid model for water quality prediction based on VMD and IGOA optimized for LSTM

期刊论文

Water quality soft-sensor prediction in anaerobic process using deep neural network optimized by Tree-structured

期刊论文

Optimal design of double-layer barrel vaults using genetic and pattern search algorithms and optimized

期刊论文

An optimized solar-air degree-day method to evaluate energy demand for poultry buildings in different

Yang WANG, Baoming LI

期刊论文

Soil spatial variability impact on the behavior of a reinforced earth wall

Adam HAMROUNI, Daniel DIAS, Badreddine SBARTAI

期刊论文

Industrial eco-efficiency and its spatial-temporal differentiation in China

Wei YANG, Fengjun JIN, Chengjin WANG, Chen LV

期刊论文

Border-search and jump reduction method for size optimization of spatial truss structures

Babak DIZANGIAN, Mohammad Reza GHASEMI

期刊论文

Abundance, spatial distribution, and physical characteristics of microplastics in stormwater detention

期刊论文